Free calculator · Fund Economics
Fund Multiples, DPI, RVPI, TVPI
Calculates the fund performance multiples DPI, RVPI, and TVPI, the realized, unrealized, and total value created per dollar paid in. Inputs are paid-in capital, cash distributions to date, and the residual value still held.
By Devon Coombs, CPA, MBA · Teaching Professor of Finance, Santa Clara University · Reviewed August 2026
From the author: Devon Coombs, CPA, MBA teaches finance at Santa Clara University and works with corporate teams on practical AI.
AI training for finance teams · Consulting · The 10 Laws of Finance
Interactive Tool
Fund Multiples, DPI, RVPI, TVPI
TVPI · total value to paid-in
2.30×
DPI + RVPI
DPI · realized
1.20×
distributions ÷ paid-in
RVPI · unrealized
1.10×
residual ÷ paid-in
DPI is money in hand, the multiple that ultimately matters; RVPI is value still on paper that depends on marks. Their sum is TVPI. Multiples show how much value was created; IRR shows how fast, read them together.
Learn the concept
This calculator comes from the free Entrepreneurial Finance course, where the concept is taught with readings, worked examples, and practice questions.
When to use this measure
Embed this calculator on your site
Free to embed on any site; the widget includes an attribution link back to this page.
One useful finance email a week
A tool, a number worth knowing, and what it means for your money or your business. From Devon Coombs, CPA, MBA. No spam, unsubscribe anytime.
Built by Devon Coombs, CPA, MBA, Teaching Professor of Finance at Santa Clara University.